In May 1934, the Higher Education Council adopted the Habilitation Ordinance which granted HSG, at that time still a business college (‘Handelshochschule’), the right to award Habilitation (venia legendi). In Germany, business colleges also usually obtained the right to award post-doctoral teaching qualifications (e.g. Berlin 1915, Mannheim 1916) before obtaining the right to confer doctorates (Berlin 1926, Mannheim 1929). The first venia legendi was conferred on Dr. Robert Goldschmidt (1907-1965) in 1936.